翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Horizontal correlation ・ Horizontal cross-connect ・ Horizontal disease transmission ・ Horizontal eccentricity ・ Horizontal effect ・ Horizontal elevator ・ Horizontal evolution ・ Horizontal Falls ・ Horizontal fissure ・ Horizontal fissure of cerebellum ・ Horizontal form ・ Horizontal gaze palsy ・ Horizontal gene transfer ・ Horizontal gene transfer in evolution ・ Horizontal inequality ・ Horizontal integration ・ Horizontal Integration Facility ・ Horizontal line test ・ Horizontal market ・ Horizontal market software ・ Horizontal marketing system ・ Horizontal mattress stitch ・ Horizontal pitch ・ Horizontal plane ・ Horizontal plate of palatine bone ・ Horizontal position representation ・ Horizontal progression ・ Horizontal resistance ・ Horizontal scan rate ・ Horizontal situation indicator Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Horizontal integration ： ウィキペディア英語版 Horizontal integration In business, horizontal integration is a strategy where a company creates or acquires production units for outputs which are alike - either complementary or competitive. One example would be when a company acquires competitors in the same industry doing the same stage of production for the creation of a monopoly.〔http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/horizontal-integration.html〕 Another example is the management of a group of products which are alike, yet at different price points, complexities, and qualities. This strategy may reduce competition and increase market share by using economies of scale. For example, a car manufacturer acquiring its competitor who does exactly the same thing. Horizontal integration is orthogonal to vertical integration, where companies integrate multiple stages of production of a small number of production units. Horizontal integration is related to horizontal alliances (= horizontal cooperation). However, in the case of a horizontal alliance, the partnering companies set up a contract, but remain independent. For example, Raue & Wieland (2015) describe the example of legally independent logistics service providers who cooperate.〔Raue, J.S. & Wieland, A. (2015), (The interplay of different types of governance in horizontal cooperations: a view on logistics service providers ). The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 26, No. 2.〕 Such an alliance relates to coopetition. == Benefits of horizontal integration == Benefits of horizontal integration to both the firm and society may include economies of scale and economies of scope. For the firm, horizontal integration may provide a strengthened presence in the reference market. It may also allow the horizontally integrated firm to engage in monopoly pricing, which is disadvantageous to society as a whole and which may cause regulators to ban or constrain horizontal integration. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Horizontal integration」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.